Pearl Harbor :: essays research papers

Pearl Harbor was certainly one of the most dramatic turning points in United States history, with all the elements that go along with an epic drama: heroes, villains, propaganda and conspiracy theories. It propelled the country from an isolationist continent into the spotlight on the world stage. World War II changed the way the world viewed the United States and how Americans viewed themselves. As a result of Pearl Harbor and the war the United States accepted the predominant world leadership role. The tragedy of Pearl Harbor shocked and united the American people into a singular purpose and goal to a greater extent than any other event before or since. As Americans awoke on a lazy Sunday morning in paradise, little did they know that within a few short minutes their lives would be changed forever. Sailors, Soldiers and Airmen watched in horror as the United States fleet including the mighty dreadnoughts burned and sank to the bottom of the shallow blue harbor. The calamity incited mass chaos and confusion. Numerous false rumors were spread including that Japanese paratroopers were invading Hawaii and that follow-on assaults were imminent. Above all, no one knew how to react since this was the first time since the War of 1812 that Americans were attacked on their own soil. As the nation was just recovering from the Great Depression, with optimism in the horizon the American people really had no desires to involve themselves in foreign wars. However President Franklin Roosevelt was aware of the actions taking place in Europe and Asia and could foresee the United States inevitable danger to the free world if the United States didn't take a stand in the war. While Americans favored neutrality the United States administration knew that it would only be a matter of time until the United States would enter the war. The convenient timing of Pearl Harbor allowed Roosevelt's unhindered pursuit of his interventionist agenda. This along with certain details, such as the lack of aircraft carriers at Pearl Harbor, led some to believe Roosevelt had forewarning of the attack and intentionally provoked the Japanese to open the backdoor to war. Twenty three hours after the initial aggression, Roosevelt declared war and ensured that, "This day will live in infamy†¦" in his address to Congress. In the end Americans pulled through and became their own heroes; Admiral Yamamoto's made a prophetic remark shortly after December 7, "I fear all we have done is to awaken a sleeping giant and fill him with a terrible resolve". Pearl Harbor :: essays research papers Pearl Harbor was certainly one of the most dramatic turning points in United States history, with all the elements that go along with an epic drama: heroes, villains, propaganda and conspiracy theories. It propelled the country from an isolationist continent into the spotlight on the world stage. World War II changed the way the world viewed the United States and how Americans viewed themselves. As a result of Pearl Harbor and the war the United States accepted the predominant world leadership role. The tragedy of Pearl Harbor shocked and united the American people into a singular purpose and goal to a greater extent than any other event before or since. As Americans awoke on a lazy Sunday morning in paradise, little did they know that within a few short minutes their lives would be changed forever. Sailors, Soldiers and Airmen watched in horror as the United States fleet including the mighty dreadnoughts burned and sank to the bottom of the shallow blue harbor. The calamity incited mass chaos and confusion. Numerous false rumors were spread including that Japanese paratroopers were invading Hawaii and that follow-on assaults were imminent. Above all, no one knew how to react since this was the first time since the War of 1812 that Americans were attacked on their own soil. As the nation was just recovering from the Great Depression, with optimism in the horizon the American people really had no desires to involve themselves in foreign wars. However President Franklin Roosevelt was aware of the actions taking place in Europe and Asia and could foresee the United States inevitable danger to the free world if the United States didn't take a stand in the war. While Americans favored neutrality the United States administration knew that it would only be a matter of time until the United States would enter the war. The convenient timing of Pearl Harbor allowed Roosevelt's unhindered pursuit of his interventionist agenda. This along with certain details, such as the lack of aircraft carriers at Pearl Harbor, led some to believe Roosevelt had forewarning of the attack and intentionally provoked the Japanese to open the backdoor to war. Twenty three hours after the initial aggression, Roosevelt declared war and ensured that, "This day will live in infamy†¦" in his address to Congress. In the end Americans pulled through and became their own heroes; Admiral Yamamoto's made a prophetic remark shortly after December 7, "I fear all we have done is to awaken a sleeping giant and fill him with a terrible resolve".

Boise Art Museum Essay

Boise Art Museum is located in a serene environment with beautifully manicured lawns adorned with various artifacts. I had the privilege of visiting this renowned museum on 18th August 2003. During this time an exhibition showing the ceramic artistic works of Wanxin Zhang was ongoing. The ceramic works featured Chinese figures molded to the height of an average person and each piece having its own uniqueness. Each of the figures represented different emotions and personalities. Some of the figures even had clothing that depicted a combination of tradition and modernity. One astonishing aspect about the figures is how the artist managed such art with such huge ceramics. This depicted mastery of the art. Although all the figures were brown in color and more or less of the same size, it was very easy to discern differences in terms of the emotions and personalities displayed by the clothing, posture and facial expressions. This outlined how diversity can be achieved in art just by varying aspects such as posture and facial expression. The technique was superb as the artist managed utilize contour to bring out contrast in different parts of the body and to create outline for the clothing. The finishing was also smooth and rough surfaces were meant to bring certain aspects of the figure such as clothing. The figures are also amazing due to the extent that they manage to combine tradition and modernity. Looking at the figures one also notices the sense of humor of the artist. Some figures were adorned with glasses and some had neck ties. This gave the figures a funny and a ridiculous look. Generally the artist outlined how possible though ridiculous it would be to combine tradition and modernity in a single piece of work. This is actually a very rare observation considering that the figures still manage to look artistic and portray a rich Chinese culture. Reference: Boise Art Museum. (2010, August 18). Wanxin Zhang: A Ten Year Survey. Retrieved August 18, 2010, from Boise Art Museum: http://boiseartmuseum. org/exhibit/current. php

Introduction to International Economics - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1667 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Economics Essay Type Research paper Level High school Did you like this example? Introduction to International Economics a- Explain how the role of the Mercantilism practice between 1500- to the late 1700s century has influence the International Trade Theories in the 19th -21st century. In general, international trade is economic trade, such as trade in products, the movement of capital and labour and service trade, that made beyond the border. International trade theory is a brunch of economics that the study about every motive for economic activity and the effects made across the border. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Introduction to International Economics" essay for you Create order To put in concretely, international trade theory treats why trade occurs between nations, what products a nation exports and imports when they participate in trade, what profits countries that taking part in trade will gain and how the profits are distributed among nations. It is also important subject of study that what economic effect is, when a nation interrupt free trade flows directly and indirectly by trade policy. International trade theory was started with the publication of The Wealth of Nations in 1776, Adam Smith, however before then, there was some writings already about international trade and these writings was contained economic philosophy as known as mercantilism. Mercantilism was the economic theory supporting economic policies that European countries had adopted in 15th- and 18th century during the collapse of the feudal system. Mercantilist argued that restricting the import and encouraging the export in order to increase the wealth of the country. Mercantilism thought profits occur in the process of distribution, not the process of production, and that how much precious metals they have such as gold and silver being used all over the world means the wealth of the nation. But it led to depreciation of gold and silver because the amount of precious metals became excessively large. Then over the end of the 18th century and 19th century, mercantilism have been changed in the form of economic nationalism. Economic nationalism found the motive power of national economic development from within. They argued that to maintain independent status politically, economic also need to secure an independent phase. In the late 20th century, Neo-mercantilism emerged because it was difficult to predict what will happen in the future so they argued that the need to protect domestic manufacturers, economically ahead in another country and strengthen national security. b- Examine why countries engage in trade and the benefits of specialization and trade between countries. c- When you sit down for your evening meal try to estimate the number of people and transactions that are required to bring your meal to you be as lateral, imaginative and as specific as possible. Question 2 Trade structure of your chosen countries a- Analysis b- Data table Table 1 : Basic economic indicators and trade structure of Spain and Saudi Arabia in 2013/2014 Spain Saudi Arabia Land area(sq. km.) 505,600 2,149,690 GDP(current USD, millions) 1,358,263 745,273 CNI per capita(current USD) 29,940 26,260 Total Trade (X+M) (current USD, millions) 892,976 606,939 Total export(current USD, millions) 461,808 387,080 Total import(current USD, millions) 431,168 219,859 Trade to GDP ratio(%, 2011-2013) 64.2 80.7 Share of exports (%) Agricultural products 16.7 1.3 Fuels and mining products 12.8 83.6 Manufactures 68.3 15.0 Share of imports (%) Agricultural products 12.3 15.1 Fuels and mining products 26.2 5.4 Manufactures 61.0 76.5 Source : eurostat 2013 (https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=nama_exi_clang=en) worldbank 2013 (https://databank.worldbank.org/data/views/reports/tableview.aspx) WTO 2014 (https://stat.wto.org/CountryProfile/WSDBCountryPFView.aspx?Country=ESLanguage=F) Question 3 Absolute advantage Explain the theory When an economic entity produces a good or service at a lower cost compared to other economic entities, the economic entity is said to have an absolute advantage. For example, suppose Australia produces 100 cars per year, while New Zealand produces 50 cars per year. Australia has an absolute advantage because it produces more cars(the output) in the same amount of time(the input) as New Zealand. Adam Smith redefined the concept of the national wealth unlike mercantilists and in accordance with the absolute advantage, he argued international division of labour and free trade. He thought the national wealth should be evaluated by amount of good and service which people of the nation can consume, not by amount of precious metals a nation has. Adam Smith also argued that if the two countries in a free trade, it is possible to maximize the output of the world by specialization completely product that each country produced more efficiently than the other country. Ultimately Adam Smith viewed a free trade by absolute advantage as a win-win game, and argued that the more countries participate in trade, the more the people of the two countries can consume. Analysis of absolute advantage of Spain and Saudi Arabia Data table Table 2 : Production four selected agricultural products of Spain and Saudi Arabia in 2011/2014 Spain(2011/2014) Saudi Arabia Product Total production (thousands of tonnes) Yield (kg/hectare) Total production (tonne) Yield (kg/hectare) Apricots 86.9 21,318 ha Berries 262.9 1,782 ha Pulses 825.8 378,909 ha Figs 29.1 21,402 ha Source : Spain : total production 2011 Instituto Nacional de EstadÃÆ'Â ­stica (https://www.ine.es/jaxi/tabla.do?path=/t01/a091/a1998/l1/file=a70001.pxtype=pcaxisL=1) / Yield 2014 Encuesta Sobre Superficies Y Rendimientos De Cultivos 2014 (https://www.magrama.gob.es/es/estadistica/temas/estadisticas-agrarias/00ESPAÃÆ'‘A_tcm7-352546.pdf) Question 4 Comparative advantage Explain the theory According to Adam Smiths the theory of absolute advantage, the trade does not occur if a nation has an absolute advantage in all of productions. Nonetheless, the classical economist David Ricardo explained by his theory of comparative advantage that trade can be happened even if a nation has an absolute advantage in all of commodities. In 1817, while Ricardo explained the law of comparative advantage in Principles of Political Economy and taxation, Ricardo argued that though a nation has an absolute disadvantage in the production of two products, if it will be trade, all countries can get benefits according to comparative advantage. That is to say that even though a country has an absolute advantage in the production of both commodities, the product production that has relatively large absolute advantage makes specialize and the other country has an absolute disadvantage in the production of both commodities, the product production that has relatively low absolute disadvantage m akes specialize so then mutual benefit is possible by exchanging their comparative advantage products through free trade between two countries. Application and Analysis of comparative advantage of Spain and Saudi Arabia Data table Table 3 : Producer price : four selected products of Spain and Saudi Arabia in 2012 Spain Saudi Arabia Product Producer price (USD / tonne) Apricots 920.1 Berries 6,891 Pulses 5,701.4 Figs 1,733.2 Source : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2012 (https://faostat.fao.org/site/703/DesktopDefault.aspx?PageID=703#ancor) Question 5 Factor endowment, trade and income distribution (a) Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) model Explain the theory The Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) model is the theory that explaining trade pattern and Bertil Ohlin argued and Eli Heckscher develpoed this model. It says a country export that is easy to produce and abundant goods, and import that is not. It also elucidated an effect of trade on the price of factors of production. The Heckscher-Ohlin (H-O) model explained the reason of comparative advantage at factor endowment and the relative price of factor tends to equalize. In other words it argued there are difference in factors of production and factor endowment, each production has different factor intensity between trade partners therefore trade occurs because of difference of comparative cost. Application and Analysis of H-O model for Spain and Saudi Arabia Data table Table 4 : Factor endowment and pattern of trade of Spain and Saudi Arabia in 2012/2014 Factors Spain Saudi Arabia Agricultural Land (sq. km) 269,600.00 1,733,900.00 Agricultural Land (% of land area) 54.05 80.66 Labour (millions) 22.93 11.22 Capital (USD) -15,141,667,020.048 164,763,650,842.157 Four major exported products Cars (8.8%) Crude Petroleum (76%) Refined Petroleum (6.3%) Refined Petroleum (5.7%) Packaged Medicaments (3.7%) Ethylene Polymers (3.7%) Vehicle Parts (3.5%) Acyclic Alcohols (2.9%) Four major imported products Crude Petroleum (13%) Cars (11%) Refined Petroleum (4.6%) Refined Petroleum (5.4%) Vehicle Parts (4.2%) Packaged Medicaments (2.3%) Petroleum Gas (4.0%) Barley (1.8%) Source: Encuesta Sobre Superficies Y Rendimientos De Cultivos (https://www.magrama.gob.es/es/estadistica/temas/estadisticas-agrarias/Regadios2014_tcm7-359782.pdf) Central Intelligence Agency The World Factbook 2014 (https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/fields/2095.html#sa) Observatory of economic complexity 2014 (https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/esp/, https://atlas.media.mit.edu/en/profile/country/sau/) (b) Stolper-Samuelson (S-S) model Explain the theory Wolfgang Stolper and Paul Samuelson determined that an exogenous increase in the relative price of a good leads to an increase in the real and relative return to the factor used more intensively in that good and a decrease in the real and relative return to the other factor. (PanagariyaArvind, 2009) Application and Analysis of S-S model for Spain and Saudi Arabia Question 6 Context of new trade theories (a) Economies of scale Explain the theory Application and Analysis of economics of scale for Spain and Saudi Arabia Data table Table 5 : domestic consumption and export : four selected agricultural products of Spain and Saudi Arabia in 2014 Spain Saudi Arabia Product Domestic consumption (Thousands of tons) Exports (ton) Domestic consumption (ton) Exports (ton) Apricots 44,665.15 Berries Pulses 112,891.43 Figs Source : Presentation of the 2013 Food Consumption Data ( December 2013, https://www.magrama.gob.es/es/alimentacion/temas/consumo-y-comercializacion-y-distribucion-alimentaria/Informe_MES_A_MES_Diciembre__2013_tcm7-321940.pdf) (b) Imperfect competition and market power Explain the theory Application and Analysis of economics of scale for Spain and Saudi Arabia Data table Table 6 : One selected agricultural product in 2011 Agricultural product name : Apricots Top 4 exporting countries Volume of production (tons) Share of world production (%) France 48,606 Spain 31,655 Turkey 28,489 Uzbekistan 26,629 Source : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2011 (https://faostat.fao.org/site/342/default.aspx) Question 7 Conclusion Question 8 References References Bowles, P. (2009). Mercantilism. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Falkner, R. (2011). International political economy. Retrieved 4 24, 2015, from londoninternational: https://www.londoninternational.ac.uk/sites/default/files/programme_resources/lse/lse_pdf/subject_guides/ir3026_ch1-3.pdf Kim, C. (2011). Mercantilism. Retrieved 4 23, 2015, from Naver: https://navercast.naver.com/contents.nhn?rid=104contents_id=5110 Maneschi, A. (2009). Comparative advantage. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Panagariya, A. (2009). Heckscher-Ohlin model. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Van Marrewijk, C. (2009). Absolute advantage. Princeton: Princeton University Press. Lecturer : Dr. Jacob KettoolaPage 1 of 10